How does a golf handicap work?

Handicap Index Calculation: The handicap index is calculated based on the scores a golfer submits from previous rounds, taking into account the difficulty of the courses played. The system typically looks at the best 8 scores from the most recent 20 rounds. Adjustments are made for course rating (difficulty of a course for a scratch golfer) and slope rating (relative difficulty for a bogey golfer compared to a scratch golfer).

For example, if you complete a round of golf in 90 shots and the par for the course is 70 then you will likely receive a handicap of 20.

Course Handicap: Before playing a round, a golfer converts their handicap index into a course handicap. This number determines how many strokes a player receives or gives on a specific course. The formula often involves the course’s slope rating and may also consider the course rating and par.

Playing with a handicap: The course handicap essentially allows players to adjust their total score by subtracting their given strokes. For instance, if a player has a course handicap of 5, they can subtract 5 strokes from their gross score (total strokes played) to calculate their net score. In competitions, these net scores are used to determine winners, enabling golfers of all skill levels to compete against each other.

Adjustments and maximums: There are limits to the number of strokes a player can receive to prevent excessively high handicaps from skewing competition. Also, the system includes mechanisms for adjusting a player’s handicap index over time, ensuring it reflects their current playing ability.The specific calculations and rules can vary by country and governing body, but the goal is always to make golf more competitive and enjoyable for everyone, regardless of skill level.